Brumberg light dictionary

With the 1-10 V interface, the operating device is the active component and provides the control current. The open-circuit voltage with open interface is 10 V. The ballast is then in 100% operation, i.e. at maximum bulb power. An electronic resistor as a dimmer influences the control voltage. Consequently, the ballast is in minimum operation below a control voltage of 1 V. The 1-10 V interface is a pure dimming interface. The operating equipment is not switched by the control signal. Illumination fixture is therefore always switched on and off by switching the supply voltage. Thus the on/off function is implemented via the load line.

The term beam angle refers to the angle of the light cone opening of an LED illuminant. It is expressed in degrees and defines the angle of exit of the luminous flux from the LED spotlight. Depending on the distance between the lights and the floor or illuminated surface, this produces a light cone of appropriate diameter.

DALI, short for Digital Addressable Lighting Interface, is a manufacturer-independent standard for illumination control in buildings. With this bus-compatible system, light and all components of a luminaires installation can be addressed, controlled and evaluated individually. Up to 16 groups can be assigned to each operating device on a DALI line to facilitate synchronous control of the operating devices. In addition, up to 16 scenes (= predefined intensity control values) can be stored for each operating device and called up as required. DALI can be operated as an "island system" with a maximum of 64 operating devices or as a subsystem via DALI gateways in modern building automation systems.  

The KNX DALI gateway is the interface between the KNX installation and the DALI illumination system. It enables the switching and dimming of up to 64 DALI devices in a maximum of 32 groups via the KNX system. The DALI illumination groups can be switched on and off or dimmed by manual operation on the device parallel to KNX, even without bus voltage or in an unprogrammed state.

Warming up the luminaires scene by adjusting the color temperature. Until now, it was only possible to reduce the luminous intensity when dimming the LED. The light would become weaker but not "warmer". With dim2warm, the color temperature also changes in the lower dimming range. Depending on the type of luminaire used, it can be dimmed from warm white 2800 K / 3000 K to very warm white 1800 K.

For stage luminaires, the DMX 512 standard was introduced in the early 1990s to facilitate swift luminaires control of many participants by means of addressed digital control signals. It is used to control lighting technology such as dimmers, "intelligent" spotlights, moving heads and effect devices. The DMX interface is also frequently used in architectural illumination. The high flexibility and speed of this interface and the large number of participants on a control line are highly appreciated by users, especially for implementing dynamic luminaires control.

ENEC, the European Norms Electrical Certification, is the European safety mark for lights and other electrotechnical products such as capacitors, ballasts, starters, converters and transformers. It is awarded by neutral testing and certification institutes in Europe - in Germany by the German electrical engineers association (VDE), among others.

The color rendering index or CRI value is a quality feature of artificial light compared with natural light. An illuminant whose light contains all the spectral colors of sunlight makes the colors of illuminated objects look natural - color rendering is optimal. The colour rendering index Ra (Colour Rendering Index, CRI) is a photometric quantity used to describe the quality of colour rendering by illuminants of the same correlated colour temperature (CCT). Sunlight has a CRI of 100.

Wireless technology control is a combination of transmitter and receiver. This enables the controller to control the lights wirelessly over a distance of approx. 10 m. Another advantage is that it can be easily integrated into existing installations because no additional cables need to be installed, unlike control via DALI / KNX / 1-10 V.

KNX systems are the worldwide standard in building automation. It is a bus system for building control. This means that all devices use the same transmission method and exchange data via a common bus line. This means that all types of solutions for intelligent home technology can be combined.

LEDs - the abbreviation stands for light-emitting diodes - are electronic semiconductor components that emit red, green, yellow or blue light when lit. With the aid of an additional internal light-emitting layer, blue LEDs can also produce white light. White light is also produced by mixing colors.

Power consumption (also known as output or wattage) describes the electrical power consumed by an illuminant or ballast in watts (W).

Luminous flux is the radiant flux emitted by an illuminant. This is measured in the internationally standardized luminous flux unit lumen and indicates how bright the illuminant is. The luminous flux indicates how much light is produced per unit of time. Generally speaking: The higher the lumen value, the more light the illuminant emits per unit of time.

With the 1-10 V interface, the operating device is the active component and provides the control current. The open-circuit voltage with open interface is 10 V. The ballast is then in 100% operation, i.e. at maximum bulb power. An electronic resistor as a dimmer influences the control voltage. Consequently, the ballast is in minimum operation below a control voltage of 1 V. The 1-10 V interface is a pure dimming interface. The operating equipment is not switched by the control signal. Illumination fixture is therefore always switched on and off by switching the supply voltage. Thus the on/off function is implemented via the load line.

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Sealing compounds protect and insulate printed circuit boards and electronic components from the hazards of harsh and difficult environmental conditions. Here are some advantages of polyurethane sealing compounds: They are ideal for sensitive components and offer good flexibility even at low temperatures. The resins encapsulate the entire application, forming a complete barrier against environmental influences. Sealing compounds are more efficient than protective coatings under extreme conditions.

Some operating devices for illuminants such as fluorescent lights or LEDs have a push dimming interface. This is the simplest form of lighting interface. A make switch is used to switch the phase of the ballast's mains connection to its control input. Briefly pressing the momentary-action switch means on or off, prolonged pressing of the switch means up or down dimming.

Its major advantage over the 1-10 V interface is that only two wires are required in the wall. In existing installations of previously switchable illumination fixtures, this usually corresponds to the existing situation.

RGB, the composition of the resulting color is achieved with three illuminants of the primary colors red, green and blue.

RGBW, is just like RGB, but with an additional white illuminant. It is frequently used where lights are used, e.g. at different times of day, for both decorative and functional lighting.

The international degrees of protection were also introduced in order to provide clear information about the influences against which a product is protected. They describe the extent to which foreign bodies and moisture can penetrate the inside of the device. The degree of protection of products is expressed in IP codes. Abbreviated with the code letters IP (for International Protection or also Ingress Protection), the "protection against intrusion" is determined using figures as code numbers. The first code number indicates the protection against solid foreign bodies or contact. The second describes the protection against water. The most well-known IP codes are, for example, IP20 and IP44. The higher the number, the higher the protection.

These lights need to be designed and operated to determine their protection class. The scope of protective measures against electric shock is described by three protection classes according to DIN VDE 0711:

Protection class I: Luminaires for connection to the mains-side protective conductor. The symbol is attached to the connection point.

Protection class II: Luminaires with additional or reinforced insulation. They have no protective conductor connection.

Protection class III: Luminaires for operation with protective extra-low voltage

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Describes the distance between the individual LEDs. The lower the pitch, the more homogeneous the light image appears.

SMD denotes "Surface mounted Device". It is one of the most common types of LED in industrial lighting and is now also widely used in residential lighting. They do not need to be wired rather just soldered to the circuit board to be used.

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Tunable white, controlling the color temperature of white light. These are generally used to simulate the color temperature changes of daylight.

The Internet has an ever increasing influence on home automation in the smart home. The aim is to connect almost all household appliances into a network through which they can communicate, exchange data and be controlled. This requires a technology that can set up an independent network via wireless technology, administer itself and be used by the smart home for home automation. ZigBee is one such wireless technology standard. It connects different devices with each other over short distances - the wireless range is between 10 and 20 meters, depending on performance and the structural environment, and under ideal conditions even up to 100 meters.

In contrast to better known standards such as WLAN or Bluetooth, ZigBee is characterized by energy efficiency, ease of use and high flexibility.

A strain relief is a mechanical protection device for flexible electrical cables and hoses.

Strain reliefs are often metal or plastic clamps that protect flexible electrical connecting cables (stranded wires) from being torn out. The cables are clamped for this purpose. Cable screw connections can also have a strain relief function.